Isaiah — Chapter 59
Synopsis Capitis
Synopsis: Israel's sins as the barrier between them and God (v.1-15a). Then the divine warrior's response when no human mediator is found (v.15b-21): God Himself comes in judgment. Key verse: v.20-21, 'A Redeemer will come to Zion, to those in Jacob who turn from transgression' — cited by Paul (Rom 11:26-27) of the eschatological conversion of Israel. The 'Spirit and the words' given to the Servant and his descendants (v.21) = the perpetual covenant of grace.
Verse 20
Et veniet quasi fluvius violentus quem spiritus Domini cogit
He will come like a rushing stream which the wind of the Lord drives — the divine Redeemer coming in irresistible power. 'A Redeemer shall come to Zion, to those in Jacob who turn from transgression' (v.20b) — Paul (Rom 11:26) applies this to the eschatological salvation of 'all Israel' at the end of time. Lapide: the primary fulfillment is Christ's first coming in the Incarnation; the final fulfillment will be at the Second Coming when Israel as a whole turns to Christ. The 'Spirit upon you and my words in your mouth' (v.21) = the perpetual covenant: the Church will never lose the Holy Spirit or the genuine word of God, in accordance with Christ's promise ('I will be with you always,' Mt 28:20).